Tell me more. Do you need to write some assembly code for it or something else ? Ethically, all this forum can ( or should ) help you with is IDEAS and DIRECTIONS.
Will be glad to help you.
--- b_prasana <b.prasana@sify.com> wrote:
> Dear Friends > > I am a E.C.E. student entering in to > third year. I want > to do a project ,i.e., > > A water level indicator using 8085 > microprocessor and > 8255 interface. > Can anyone help me in this regard, > like how to get > about it? > With regards > B.Prasana
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64-bit is the next generation of PC processor technology. Unless the PC on your desk is pre-Windows 95 (unlikely), it has a 32-bit processor. If it's very new, that chip will be a Pentium 4 or an Athlon XP.
64-bit chips are the next stage, delivering even more processing power and new technologies to improve graphics performance and web surfing.
How did we get to 64-bit? The original x86 processor had eight-bit internal data pathways, so it could process eight bits (or instructions) at a time. The next development, the 386, was called a 16-bit processor because its internal data pathways were 16-bit, and so on.
The past 26 years have seen us move gradually through various developments in PC technology. The PC as we know it was born in 1978 when Intel released the 8086, an eight-bit processor that was used in the original IBM PC.
Intel went 16-bit in 1985 with the 386 and 32-bit in 1989 with the 486-DX. The original Pentium was also 32-bit.
The next evolution is 64-bit, which is capable of handling twice as many instructions again at a time, and capable of transporting those instructions through the pathways at a phenomenal rate.
OK. But processor technology gets faster all the time. So what? This is a bit more significant than the usual round of slightly faster chips. 64-bit represents a move to a completely new hardware technology, one that eliminates many of the performance bottlenecks of current 32-bit technology.
The evolution from eight-bit to 16-bit, and particularly from 16-bit to 32-bit, saw the newer incarnations of the chips being saddled with a lot of legacy baggage to ensure compatibility with legacy software.
The move from the current 32-bit chips to 64-bit will deliver a major leap in performance, because legacy support is either being dropped completely or is ring-fenced within the processor.
This means that the 64-bit capability is not hampered by slower, more inefficient 32-bit instruction sets and data handling. Instead, 64-bit chips are free to use new hardware technology that can be exploited by future software and operating systems.
You said future? As is always the case with these things, the hardware is out before the software that will take advantage of it. But software is playing catch-up. Microsoft is planning to release a 64-bit version of Windows XP this summer.
There are also several builds of 64-bit Linux in the offing, including a version from Mandrake that is optimised for AMD's 64-bit platforms.
And I suppose I'll need to replace most of the guts of a machine if I upgrade it? The 64-bit chips have different pin arrangements and power requirements than even the latest Athlon XP and Pentium 4 processors, and they rely on completely new motherboard chipsets.
So in short, if you are looking to upgrade a machine in situ, you'll need a new processor and a new motherboard at the very minimum. You'll almost certainly need some new memory as well.
Who's making these chips? The usual suspects: AMD and Intel. Interestingly, AMD is very much running the show this time round. It has beaten Intel to market with a 64-bit desktop processor by six months. Intel didn't even announce plans to add 64-bit extensions to existing 32-bit chips until February this year.
But wasn't there already a 64-bit Alpha processor? Yes, the Alpha server and workstation processor developed by DEC was indeed 64-bit. Sadly, when DEC was acquired by Compaq, development of the Alpha was quietly dropped, and the technology has begun to fade from active use and support. For example, Microsoft dropped OS support for it after NT4.
However, the Alpha continues to have a role to play in 64-bit computing. AMD licensed part of the Alpha bus technology for use in the Athlon XP, and hired many members of the Alpha development team.
This knowledge has carried forward into AMD's Athlon64 and Opteron, while Intel eventually acquired the technology from Compaq in late 2001.
So which 64-bit chips are available now? AMD has two 64-bit processors: Athlon64 for desktop PCs and laptops, and Opteron for servers.
Both of these are fully backwards-compatible with existing 32-bit software and peripherals. Intel's 64-bit server platform Itanium, however, is not backwards-compatible, although its 64-bit extended chips will be.
So even though there is no 64-bit software out there, can I still use a 64-bit PC? Yes. You can buy 64-bit hardware now, and use your existing software on it. 64-bit PCs will even run 32-bit software with a decent performance gain.
As and when 64-bit operating systems and applications come on the market, you will already have the infrastructure in place to run them.
OK, so how much is a 64-bit PC going to cost me? Not as much as you might think. Retailers such as PC World are selling high-spec AMD-based 64-bit PCs in the £1,000-1,500 price range, and IBM is shipping Opteron-based servers starting at £2,000 for a single-processor machine. HP and Sun are also due to launch Opteron products this year.
In the light of recent comments by Michael Dell, there is even a possibility that Dell might break with its traditional Intel-only stance and release a range of AMD 64-bit based servers.
As for Intel, Itanium 2 processors are almost exclusively used in supercomputer applications at the moment, making it difficult to put an everyday price on them. However, 64-bit extended desktop processors should start appearing in the second half of this year.
32-BIT 'COMPUTERS ON A CHIP'
Missing from this picture is Cyrix, a little-known brand that was once independent, has since been owned by National Semiconductor, and now belongs to chipset maker VIA.
Like AMD, Cyrix produced x86-compatible processors under licence from Intel during the years of the 80286 and 80386. Cyrix then decided to make its own processors and created the Cyrix 486.
Again like AMD, it continued to produce its self-engineered x86 compatible processors, but ran behind Intel in terms of getting comparable products to market at the same time.
In 1997, Cyrix released its most successful x86 clone, the 6x86MX - a rival to Intel's Pentium MMX. Cyrix licensed the MMX extensions from Intel for use in the chip. This, along with AMD's K6 and later the K6-2 processors, competed with Intel at the lower end of the market.
In 1999, Cyrix was sold to VIA and has since conceded the mainstream market to AMD and Intel. Instead, Cyrix is focusing on so-called 'computer on a chip' 32-bit products.
The Cyrix MediaGX processor, for example, is used extensively in set-top boxes and embedded devices. VIA also uses Cyrix processor technology in complete chipsets for ultra-small ITX PC motherboards, which are popular with computer gamers, Linux users and individuals looking for very small, low-noise and low-power x86-compatible PCs.
[tech4all] New system integrates landlines and cellphones
New system integrates landlines and cellphones
The worlds first combined phone service, which allows a single handset to switch between cellphone networks and domestic fixed-lines, was launched by BT in the UK on Wednesday.
Called BT Fusion, the service means a handset works like a typical cellphone when outdoors, but automatically and seamlessly switches onto a users domestic account when they are home - even in mid-call.
To achieve this, the phone uses a Bluetooth wireless connection to relay the call to a broadband hub in the home. This hub can also be used as a wireless router for home computer Wi-Fi networks.
According to BT, the benefits to customers - besides having a combined landline and cellphone bill - is that calls made at home will be priced at domestic rates and with the same quality of a fixed line.
Making house calls
Another feature of the new service is that it will allow customers to switch to their domestic account when at someone elses house, a BT spokesman told New Scientist. The cost of the call will be charged back to their own account but they will benefit from domestic rates even though they are away from home, he says.
But this will only be possible if the house they are in subscribes to the same service and has given permission for the hub to be used, by way of an access code.
Some homeowners could face problems, however, because Bluetooth signals are relatively weak, the spokesman concedes. If a users home is particularly large, or spread over several floors, then they may end up using the cellphone network more often than desirable because the hubs signal is too weak. But he adds: In a fairly typical home there should be no problem.
Risk of confusion
I think having a single handset is the way forward, or at least being reachable at one contact point, says Nico MacDonald, a design and technology strategist with the London-based consultancy Spy. But it has to be clear to the customer which network they are using, he says, and there is a danger that billing could become even less intelligible than current phone bills.
Initially the service will only be available to 400 households which will test it before its national launch in the UK in September 2005.
But by this time BT may have some competition. According to cell network provider Orange, it has been working with France Telecom to develop a similar service which will also be launched towards the end of 2005, but will include added features such as video calling between landlines and cellphones.
> > Hi Guys, > > I wonder if any of you had a chance to use the IP > phone - ALCATEL 4020 . what I want to know is does > it support SIP. I am trying to set a small IP tel > network using the alcatel 4020 and free SIP server > from IPtel.org. I would appreciate any information > in regards to this. > > > > Thank you, > > Venkatesh > > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam > protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com
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Opinion: The time has not only come for ISPs to block port 25 for consumer accounts, it has long since passed. The rewards for this and other ISP management techniques could be large, but ISPs need to be careful about how they do it and tell users why.
Do you run a mail server on your home Internet account? If you do, it's probably without your knowledge, such as in a mail worm or a zombie spambot. Few if any people running these programs intend to do so, and it's time for ISPs to close the door through which they operate.
I think there's a consensus developing among anti-spam researchers, many of them responsible for fighting spam on ISP networks, that unrestricted use of TCP port 25 must be shut down to the average Internet consumer. There are those who disagree, but their arguments sound obtuse and defeatist rather than actual justifications to not block port 25.
TCP Port 25 is one of the core interfaces of the Internet, through which Internet mail servers typically send mail to each other. It's normal for users to send data out port 25, but they do so to their own ISP's mail server, from which it is forwarded on to the appropriate location. This is the server identified as the outgoing mail server in the mail client configuration.
But if you are infected with a spam zombietypically, a mail worm with a backdoor used by a spammer to cause your computer to send out massive amounts of spamthe mail does not go through your mail server. It probably goes directly to the server of the target domain for the spam message. The overwhelming majority of users have no need to do this and are perfectly well-served by sending all their mail through the ISP mail servers. It's also worth reiterating that the block need only be put on consumer client systems, not on higher-end services.
Of course there are users who do need access to the port, or who at least want to run their own mail server and don't intend to abuse the privilege. Or they have a need to use a different mail server than the ISPs, perhaps for reasons involving confidentiality. There are ways for ISPs to accommodate these users.
In fact, there's no reason an ISP can't make exceptions for users who want to use port 25 more openly, especially if they agree to rate limits and to configure it securely. The real problem that needs to be solved is the users who don't know they are running a mail server. Such users won't miss not being able to run one.
Alas, this level of customer service may be too much to expect from some ISPs. Hosting servers are also often far too lax in the management of mail on their networks.
ISPs Fighting Back
But some ISPs are putting their feet down, attempting to stop the abuse. At the forefront of this effort, defying all conventional wisdom, is AOL. In the 90s, an era of very different circumstances, AOL was the single largest source of spam on the Internet, and the ISP's reputation suffered terribly from it. Now not only AOL users have high-quality spam control, but AOL is perhaps the most active ISP in terms of policing the use and abuse of mail.
Consider the rules at AOL's "Technical Standards for E-mail Delivery." AOL makes extensive use of RBL services like MAPS so that they know to block spam from open relays, spambots, systems with unsecured form-mail scripts and other spam sources. They actually use the same services to block spam that comes directly from residential ISP clients that should not be sending mail directly; in other words, if you don't block port 25 yourself, they will do it for you.
The ISP goes furthermuch further. If the sending system does not have a PTR record (a reverse DNS), it is rejected. If a message contains a hex-encoded URL (like http://%73%70%61%6d/), it is rejected. If more than 10 percent of the sending system's messages to AOL bounce, AOL may reject mail from it in general. If a server rejects 10 percent or more of the bounce messages sent to it, AOL may reject further connections from the server. There are other, similar rules.
All of this is intended to use AOL's size and clout to make other e-mail administrators set up and administer their systems properly. In many cases, the reverse DNS requirement, for example, the administrator finds out that he or she doesn't have a reverse DNS because AOL blocks the mail, and the end result is an improvement for everyone. Mail servers should have a reverse DNS if they have nothing to hide.
Perhaps not everyone can do everything AOL does. It does, after all, have a proprietary internal mail system. But there's a lot we can learn from its example. Carl Hutzler, until recently in charge of AOL's anti-spam efforts (he has now moved on to a position in engineering and development of AOL's e-mail), has been evangelizing this ethic of responsibility by mail admins, especially at ISPs.
Hutzler warns of the lazy approach of relying on filters, as so many ISPs do. It's the easy way out. But anyone with a little experience knows that filters don't even come close to solving the problem, although they can be a useful part of the solution. I've seen messages with overtly pornographic subject lines and bodies make it through three different Bayesian filters. Spammers know how to play with the content of the message to trick filters.
Port 25, The Nuclear Option
But the technique that generates the most controversy is when an ISP blocks port 25, as SBC recently began to do.
As one prominent researcher put it, blocking port 25 begins the process of shifting the cost burden for spam from the end user to the ISP and others whose sloppiness in administration is responsible for the unchecked proliferation of spam, and these same people are in a position, through responsible system administration, to choke off most of the abuse. He also argued that the cost benefits of fixing their systems are enough incentive to do it.
The depressing counterargument is that many of these systems have excess capacity enough to handle the abuse and that laziness is its own reward. When this is the case, there's no choice but for other ISPs to start blocking the offending ISP, as AOL has done many a time.
This is another point on which a consensus is emerging: that ISPs don't take action to stop spammers on their networks until there is a gun to their heads, generally in the sense that their customers are prevented from sending mail. This is where the major RBLs like Spamhaus and MAPS can play a big role. They have a bad reputation among some, and I've personally been among the collateral damage from an RBL block. But it was my hosting service's fault that my server got on the block because they didn't do anything about the spammer on the same address that I had. Enough of us called and screamed, and something was done about it.
Not every little domain has the clout to block a major ISP. The little guy ends up hurting and angering his customers, but the big ISP won't even notice. But when one major ISP, or a service like MAPS, blocks a major ISP, it gets their attention. The corollary to this is that when you block someone, you need to be responsive when they fix the problem.
The fact that ISPs have no reason to not let users opt out of the system is what cinches it for me. One researcher suggested to me that it was much easier for ISPs just to block a whole range of addresses than to have to put up a system for tracking who was to be blocked and who shouldn't, but this is basically just arguing laziness as an excuse. Besides, the SBC system supports letting users request an opt-out. Why can SBC do it and others can't?
The same researcher was concerned that the opt-out system would be taken over by spammers who would opt-out their zombie systems. But it's not hard to imagine well-designed authentication systems that mail back a message to the customer and require them to connect back.
And as for the added cost to the ISP for this, I'd suggest that they might just save a lot of money by eliminating spammers and mail worms from their networks, but even if you think this is a costly solution, let them charge for the opt-out. Doesn't bother me.
Port 25, The Counterarguments
Those who argue against ISPs blocking port 25 generally claim that the downsides are high and that spammers will a) evade the blocks and b) easily move to other techniques for sending spam. Joe St. Sauver has made a well-written case for this position. I admire some of his points, but I still disagree with him, and I think half his problem is that he can't see the point through all his defeatism. Namely, even if spammers were to move to other avenues, it's still worth closing port 25 to stop them from using it.
Getting right to what I feel is the main point, that port 25 blocks will be ineffective because spammers will move to other methods to spread spam, St Sauver brushes aside or ignores counterarguments. He cites recent stories that spammers are beginning to use the ISP mail server instead of sending out spam directly from the client system. There are two counterarguments.
If the ISP requires SMTP AUTH (where you must provide a username and password for the outgoing SMTP mail server as well as the incoming POP3 server), then it will not be a simple matter for the worm to send mail. However, since there are programs available that can read the cached SMTP AUTH credentials from popular mail client programs (click here for one that's sold commercially), it's not hard to see spam zombies doing the same in the future. They might also do it by monitoring port 25 usage to look for the authentication sequence.
In fact, my own ISP, Speakeasy.net, is very lenient about these things. Speakeasy does not require SMTP AUTH for connections made on their internal network (it does for roaming users), but it says that it monitors mail servers carefully and maintains a number of honeypots on active lookout for malware on its networks.
I spoke to Speakeasy founder and Chairman Michael Apgar, and he insists that a system exhibiting wormlike behavior will not live for long on Speakeasy's network. Within hours the user will be contacted, and if he or she doesn't fix the problem quickly, the plug will be pulled. But Speakeasy is not a conventional ISP; while it's happy to sell to anyone, it has a technically more capable audience who pay more for more open services.
Apgar is quick to agree that mainstream consumer ISPs should be locking down abusable services, and that port 25 is the biggest problem.
Force the Spammers Onto Official Servers
Even if the zombie successfully is able to send spam through the ISP mail server, we're still better off than before. The ISP can tell, just by looking at mail server logs, who is spamming from its network. ISPs have a cost interest in fixing the situation and arguably are more responsible for doing so since their own servers were involved. Put simply, forcing the spammer onto the ISP mail server facilitates the elimination of zombies. It also gives the ISP the opportunity to rate-limit mail in general, which will not likely affect regular users, but will seriously cut into spammers' ability to spread the message.
I have a similar reaction to St. Sauver's speculation that zombies, blocked in their ability to send spam, will instead be used for even worse things like denial-of-service attacks. This is not hard to imagine, but while much of the world puts up with systems sending spam, they would feel different about a DOS army. And I can't see that the market for DOS armies scales in the same way that the spam market does. It's just not as big a threat.
He also points out that spammers could still evade blocks on port 25 at the network periphery by spamming inside the networke.g., to other customers of the same ISP on their subnet. Of course, they will only be able to do so if the recipient mail server is on the same subnet, and this is highly unlikely on a large consumer ISP network.
While most of his writing is laboriously pessimistic, St. Sauver does have interesting constructive criticism. He urges those who would fight spam to focus not on the spam leaving the network but on the traffic coming in to the spambot. He asserts (this is counter to my understanding) that spambots don't typically construct the e-mails they send out programmatically but pass on what they receive from the outside. Whether this is true or not is beside the valid point he makes that it should be possible to look for the command/control coming into the network from spammers. While these commands come in on nonstandard ports, they are known (they have to be, or spammers couldn't find them either).
Finally, for all their claims that easy alternatives exist to port 25, they haven't come up with any. The first port usually listed is TCP 587, but like many of the potential alternatives, it's an authenticated port, so it's not blindly open for spamming use.
In the end, the biggest factor in whether ISPs will play hardball with spammers is whether they want to have to go to the problem of taking out the garbage and keeping their place clean. Some ISPs have complained to me about others who don't seem to care if their networks are used to send out billions of spam messages and mail worms. They don't even look at their own log files!
But the day is coming when these ISPs won't be able to coast through their own laziness and sloppiness. The use of RBLs like MAPS and other blocks of known spammer systems is an increasingly important technique, and if worms really do move to using the ISP mail server, then ISPs who don't do anything about it will find themselves blocked completely by the clean ISPs that are sick and tired of taking abuse.
I don't expect everyone to clean up their act, but think we're moving to an era of unofficial quality standards, of black and white lists, where ISPs will "protect" their customers from the red-light districts of the Internet. It's not perfect, but it's better than what we've got now.
Security Center Editor Larry Seltzer has worked in and written about the computer industry since 1983.
LE BOURGET, France (Reuters) - Indian airlines starred at the Paris Air Show Tuesday, accounting for over half of the $13 billion of jet deals carved up between U.S. group Boeing Co. and European arch-rival Airbus.
The orders highlighted growing demand for air travel in India, China and the Middle East, which aerospace executives hope will power a rebound in global aircraft manufacturing that began last year, following its deepest recession.
Boeing is set to regain the lead in commercial jet orders this year for the first time since 2000, but sales at the world's largest air show are helping Airbus gain ground, with India adding to the event's $18 billion of deals Monday.
"India is today one of the world's most promising markets," John Leahy, chief commercial officer at Airbus, said.
"More people in India travel by train in a day than travel by air in a year," he told a news conference.
Indian airlines have been modernizing their fleets and expanding as their government has deregulated a sector once strait-jacketed by red tape. India's government said in May it expected airline industry growth to surge 20 percent a year.
India's largest domestic airline Jet Airways said Tuesday it had committed to buy at least 20 Boeing planes worth over $2.8 billion at list prices, including 10 wide-bodied 777s that it will use to boost international service.
Jet said separately it would buy 10 Airbus aircraft with options to buy 10 more in a deal worth about $1.5 billion.
In addition, Jet's domestic rival Kingfisher Airlines said it planned to spend about $2.5 billion for "multiple wide-bodied aircraft" from Airbus, including its mammoth 555-seat A380 model, the world's biggest airliner.
"China and India could be the drivers of growth in the future," said Airbus chief executive Noel Forgeard.
"In Europe the trend is good, it is excellent in the Middle East, and it's even better in Asia."
MID-SIZE BATTLEGROUND
In a key battle ground between Airbus and Boeing, Kuwait-based aircraft leasing firm ALAFCO said it would buy 12 of Airbus's planned A350 mid-sized planes and take options on six more.
Airbus, owned 80-percent by European aerospace group EADS and 20 percent by Britain's BAE Systems, is seeking enough buyers to convince its board to approve production of the A350, which would begin deliveries in 2010.
But it faces tough competition from Boeing, which announced $4 billion of deals with aircraft leasing firms International Lease Finance Corp and GE Commercial Aviation Services.
These deals did not include Boeing's new mid-sized 787 plane, due in 2008, which has amassed over 260 commitments from customers so far and has left Airbus scurrying to catch up with its A350 program.
But Tom Pickering, a former U.S. ambassador who now spearheads Boeing's diplomatic efforts, told Reuters that the 787 was still going strong.
"We have momentum, the 787 is doing very well and we have another 450 deposits and high-level commitments," he said in an interview on the sidelines of the air show.
Orders or commitments received for the A350 so far reached 102 by the second day of the Paris air show and Airbus said it expected to have 200 commitments this year.
Forgeard forecast 360 total Airbus plane deliveries in 2005 and "at least" 400 next year as the airline sector recovers from its worst recession that began in 2001 and ended around the middle of last year.
TRADE FEUD
Airbus parent companies EADS and BAE Systems last week delayed giving final approval to build the A350 until September. The move coincided with reports that Airbus faced congestion on all its major projects including the A380, the world's biggest airliner, which has been delayed six months.
Forgeard denied this and -- for the first time -- linked the decision to delay a final go-ahead for the A350 to negotiations between European Union and the United States over aircraft subsidies at the World Trade organization.
He said the delay was a "contribution" by Airbus to help clear the atmosphere at talks over mutual allegations of illegal subsidies, but that Airbus would build the plane anyway if no progress were made. He said the EU had not asked for this.
Airbus specialists involved with the program said the A350 delay was purely industrial, however.
"We do have a shortage of engineers. But we are moving them from one program to another in an organized way," said Colin Stuart, Airbus Vice-President of Marketing.
Analysts say Airbus needs more time to finalize the 4.5 billion euro ($5.5 billion) project but may also have an interest in cooling the row with the United States partly in order to smooth its efforts to enter the U.S. military market.
(Additional reporting by Tim Hepher, James Regan, Jean-Michel Belot and Benoit Van Overstraeten in Le Bourget, and Rina Chandran in Bombay)
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looks like a version of sdbot worm - I dont remember the name, update yr virus defn (try browsing: symantec.com)
On 6/14/05, mona shivparu <monashivparu@yahoo.co.in> wrote: > > hi friends > whenever i worked with my bioinformatics project (in ms word) > and save it then open it i use to get this win.exe error and the document > wouldnt open so, what is it exactly please explain it to me ? > > cheersmate > mona > > ________________________________ > Too much spam in your inbox? Yahoo! Mail gives you the best spam protection > for FREE! > http://in.mail.yahoo.com > ________________________________ > Yahoo! Groups Links > > > To visit your group on the web, go to: > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/tech4all/ > > To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: > tech4all-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to the Yahoo! Terms of Service.
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Yup - I would go with Piyush on this. Your computer may well have been recruited as a "bot" or "zombie" - and may be Ddos'ing somebody or spamming. I would DISCONNECT it as soon as possible, and use a clean machine to download and copy some Anti-Virus software onto a CD. Install that, then make sure you get yourself Serviec Pack 2 if you are using Windows XP.
Avoid .ru and .ro links - it is a sad fact that a huge proportion of the current wave of computer crime, ransoming with DDoS, virus and spam issues are coming from Romania and Russia. They also commonly use Chinese, Taiwanese and some other East Asian machines for attacks as they are not very well protected.
The great firewall of China- Prevents freedom of speech, while letting every virus and spambot sail cleanly through.
Orion -- http://orionrobots.co.uk - Build Robots
Online Castle Building RPG - http://www.darkthrone.com/recruit.dt?uid=V30311I30328J30379X30379E30260X30277
On 6/14/05, Piyush Porwal <piyush9090@yahoo.com> wrote: > hi, > the very obvious and high priority reason is the > attack of some virus. I hope u have checked for it. > If not please install s/w for them and run a check. > the other reason could be spyware, which is running on > your system. Install Anti-spyware, which you can get > very easily and to a check on the system. > If this solves your problem I will suggest safe > browsing for future precautions. > > > > > Piyush Porwal > M.Tech. - Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engg. > Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. > URL: www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~porwalpiyush > Ph: +91 98198-93133 > > ==================================================== > " The Bad News is, Time Flies....; The Good News is, You are The Pilot...!" > > > > > __________________________________ > Yahoo! Mail > Stay connected, organized, and protected. Take the tour: > http://tour.mail.yahoo.com/mailtour.html > > > > > > > Yahoo! Groups Links > > >
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whenever i worked with my bioinformatics project (in ms word) and save it then open it i use to get this win.exe error and the document wouldnt open so, what is it exactly please explain it to me ?
cheersmate
mona
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hi, the very obvious and high priority reason is the attack of some virus. I hope u have checked for it. If not please install s/w for them and run a check. the other reason could be spyware, which is running on your system. Install Anti-spyware, which you can get very easily and to a check on the system. If this solves your problem I will suggest safe browsing for future precautions.
Piyush Porwal M.Tech. - Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engg. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. URL: www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~porwalpiyush Ph: +91 98198-93133
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Hi all, First I want to say - the RF input (tuner) works fine. So it is not a USB or Bios issue for sure. After playing with this - I got a freeview box and dvd player to work with the composite/S-Vid input on the card as well.
I am wandering what it is specifically about the Amiga that is causing a problem. Both the Amiga and the card are set for Uk Pal (BGHIK). Also - note that I have had the Amiga composite output running with a TV's composite input with absolutely no issues, and also with a Grand TV Amazing Composite to SVGA adaptor box (a scan doubler basically).
Any other ideas guys? Danny --
On 6/14/05, girish nair <girish_3178@yahoo.com> wrote: > danny, > > I had a same type of problem, i carried a series of > R&D, you may first try a true S-VHS output to be > connected to the card's input. If that does't do it > try the bios options for USB type support 1.1 or > higher. If that also did't work either increase the > shared onboard video RAM size or best is to add up a > AGP card for the test. If possible go for Win2k or > XPsp1 with directx 9 or higher installed. > > > --- danny staple <orionrobots@gmail.com> wrote: > > > I recently bought myself a USB WinTV external TV > > converter. While I > > can get good tuner reception, I cannot get it to > > recognise a composite > > input. > > > > It has an S-Video connector on one side, and a > > composite to s-video > > adaptor supplied. Only in the WinTV 2K software, the > > S-Video option > > remains greyed out. In the software there are an ext > > 1 and ext 2 > > source - if I select these, I sometimes get a single > > frame from the > > video source, which is not then updated - and is > > very blurry and > > sometimes mono or mostly I get a blank screen. I > > have tested the video > > source elsewhere - it is fine. > > > > I have it plugged into a motherboard USB port on a > > box running Windows > > XP (SP2), with 512 Mb Ram, a Socket 754 AMD Sempron > > 2800+ processor, > > NForce 250 chipset on Gigabyte motherboard. > > > > I am running the most recent Hauppage drivers (which > > are annoyingly > > not signed) and WinTV software. > > > > If you could do with any more info, feel free to > > ask. > > > > Does anyone here have any ideas on getting it > > working? > > -- > > http://orionrobots.co.uk - Build Robots > > > > Online Castle Building RPG - > > > http://www.darkthrone.com/recruit.dt?uid=V30311I30328J30379X30379E30260X30277 > > > > > > > > > __________________________________________________ > Do You Yahoo!? > Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around > http://mail.yahoo.com > > > > > > Yahoo! Groups Links > > > > > > >
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I have a problem with my internet connection and I have some problem with it. I will explain you peoples clearly , if possible give me a solution for this.
I have a broadband connection in my house, for the past two days what happens is that, When I connect to the internet with my username and password, some datas are getting uploaded and get downloaded automatically continuously even If I am not browsing any thing. The upload is about 15 KB/s and download is about 10 KB/s. Due to this what happens is that whenever I type a website for example www.gmail.com the website is not connecting even after 10 minutes.
What may be the problem. What may be the solution for this. Please tech peoples help me regarding this. Due to this I was not able to see my exam results and I come outside to see the results.
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Please help me
Thank you.
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I had a same type of problem, i carried a series of R&D, you may first try a true S-VHS output to be connected to the card's input. If that does't do it try the bios options for USB type support 1.1 or higher. If that also did't work either increase the shared onboard video RAM size or best is to add up a AGP card for the test. If possible go for Win2k or XPsp1 with directx 9 or higher installed.
--- danny staple <orionrobots@gmail.com> wrote:
> I recently bought myself a USB WinTV external TV > converter. While I > can get good tuner reception, I cannot get it to > recognise a composite > input. > > It has an S-Video connector on one side, and a > composite to s-video > adaptor supplied. Only in the WinTV 2K software, the > S-Video option > remains greyed out. In the software there are an ext > 1 and ext 2 > source - if I select these, I sometimes get a single > frame from the > video source, which is not then updated - and is > very blurry and > sometimes mono or mostly I get a blank screen. I > have tested the video > source elsewhere - it is fine. > > I have it plugged into a motherboard USB port on a > box running Windows > XP (SP2), with 512 Mb Ram, a Socket 754 AMD Sempron > 2800+ processor, > NForce 250 chipset on Gigabyte motherboard. > > I am running the most recent Hauppage drivers (which > are annoyingly > not signed) and WinTV software. > > If you could do with any more info, feel free to > ask. > > Does anyone here have any ideas on getting it > working? > -- > http://orionrobots.co.uk - Build Robots > > Online Castle Building RPG - > http://www.darkthrone.com/recruit.dt?uid=V30311I30328J30379X30379E30260X30277 > > >
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Hi all, Go to the system Properties --> Advanced Tab --> click on settings for performance --> Advanced tab --> then there are program scheduling and Memory Usage. I hope this is also related with icreasing the speed depending on our requirement. Though i'm not much familiar about these terms, as far as i understand, 1) The program scheduling and memory usage set to Program will increase the performance of the Maximised window. 2) The other option will increse the performance of other services like spooling services, db services etc.
I'm using Windows XP,SP1 on P4, 2.8GHz, 512 MB Ram. I have found some difference after making this change. If anybody has a much more clear idea please explain.
Thanks in advance, Vetrivel P.
--- bharath <bharath_m_7@yahoo.co.in> wrote:
> Before reading below, here's the summary. > If you are using several applications minimize your > application before switching to the other. > Dont use shortcuts like Winkey+M or Winkey+D. > Minimising will free lots of resources. > Now, read on. > > Regards, > bharath > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > Fwded msg: > > FREE OF COST: Increase your RAM and so ur system > speed > > > > Now this is called a tip of the year! While working > with the Task > > Manager I observed the following. You can also try > it out. > > > > 1. Start any application, say Word. Open some large > documents. > > > > 2. Now start the Task Manager Processor tab and sort > the list in > > descending order on Memory Usage. You will notice > that Winword.exe > > will be somewhere at the top, using multiple MBs of > memory. > > > > 3. Now switch to Word and simply minimize it. > > (Do not use the Minimize All option of the task > bar). > > > > 4. Now go back to the Task Manager and see where > Winword.exe is > > listed. Most probably you will not find it at the > top. You will > > typically have to scroll to the bottom of the list > to find Word. > > Now check out the amount of RAM it is using. > > > > Surprised? The memory utilization has reduced by a > huge amount. > > > > 5. So where is the tip of the year? Simple-minimize > each application > > that u are currently not working on by clicking on > the Minimize button > > & u can increase the amount of available RAM by a > substantial margin. > > Depending upon the number and type of applications > you use together, > > the difference can be as much as 50 percent of extra > RAM and all this > > is free of cost! > > > > It is nothing unexpected actually. In any > multitasking system, > > minimizing an application means that it won't be > utilized by the user > > right now. Therefore, the OS automatically makes the > application use > > virtual memory & keeps bare minimum amounts of the > code in physical RAM. > >
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I think that everyone who has used Windows XP would say its the most robust and most stable of all the Windows operating systems before it. However, there are times where an application or even a game doesnt respond well or locks up the system. A lot of people would assume solutions from past operating system experience and just turn off the power and restart the computer. This technique is a little extreme and sometimes a little dangerous as well. Windows since version 98 has had a function called Task Manager, and with every version of Windows its gotten more powerful and better at bringing back locked up or misbehaving applications.
In the Task Managers before Windows 2000, holding the Ctrl-Alt-Del combination does either a complete reset of the system or brings up the task manager and hopefully allows you to shut down the program that is not responding; sometimes holding the keys doesnt result in anything at all. Windows 9x or ME sometimes also evoked a blue screen of death if the Ctrl-Alt-Del was used. In Windows 9x, when you did get the task manager open and try to close a program that is not responding, sometimes it wouldnt shut the application down, and you would still have to do a hard reset. I think Microsoft learned from Windows NTwhich by far, up to this point, was better at handling locked up systemsand decided that the home PC user would appreciate the added stability especially when it came to installing beta software, hardware drivers, or even just tweaking ones system and the software provided some unexpected results. Its important to have control when it is needed most, and thats exactly what Windows NT-, 2000-, and XP-based operating systems gave the user.
XPs Task Manager is the most useful of all managers before it. Just right-clicking on the task bar brings up a small menu, and through that menu one can select the Task Manager. The manager has several tabs running across the top, but the most important ones are the Applications, Processes, and Performance. Each one of these tabs will give users critical information regarding the status and health of their machines.
The Applications Tab
The Applications tab shows all the currently running applications. If you have an application that locked up, this is the first tab I would recommend going to. The software being used is listed in the window under the task column, and the status column will show either Running or Not Responding. Here you can highlight the unresponsive software and click on the End Task button, and after a few seconds the application will close; and depending on your settings, a dialogue box will appear and ask if you want to send a report to Microsoft. This procedure should take care of most lockups on the system, and it will bring Windows back to its normal functionality without having to shutdown and restart.
Also in this section you can run a new task or switch to another task to bring it to the front if you have multiple windows open.
The Processes Tab
The Processes tab is a little more powerful and more information-ridden. All applications and tasks running in the background are listed here, as well how much memory each task is using including how many CPU cycles it uses. If you are running low on system resources here you can find which tasks are causing the problem. The best way of determining if processes are being a system hog is to look at the amount of memory being used and look at the process and determine if its necessary. For example, processes virus scans that are running in the background while you are writing an article or doing some video editing obviously are not needed and you can shut them down temporarily and gain back some memory as well as some CPU power. You can shut down the non-critical tasks to give you back some memory or CPU power if need be. Windows starts a lot of tasks, and some of them are not necessary; shutting these extra tasks gives you back some memory and CPU cycles, thus more overall system performance. Dont, however, try to end tasks that are SYSTEM tasks; sometimes they have random results and ending them could make more problems than it could solve. For example, shutting down the EXPLORER tasks will produce a non-working system because the taskbar and windows and icons will disappear. User tasks are okay to shut down, and if you do want to close a system task, make sure you understand what it does before you decide to close it. If you are not sure about a task and if its safe to close, do a Google search for the process and the detailed information will make it clear if you want or can shut it down.
The Performance Tab
Finally there is the Performance tab. This tab does just want it saysit monitors, in real time, the performance of the system. Specifically, the memory usage is monitored here. You will find information about total system memory and how much of it is in use and how much is left. CPU usage also is shown here, and if you keep this window open and use the PC, you will see the graph move in real time in relation to work being done on the computer. This window allows you to see in real time how a change that you make has an effect on your system. You can see immediately in the processes tab how closing non-critical tasks restores some CPU power as well as see how much system memory is left for other applications If you tweaked your system and you see that you are running low on memory, you can pinpoint it to the last application you opened and see if its a poorly written application or you have a memory leak somewhere. By going back to the processes tab and closing tasks one by one you can check the performance tab to see if makes a difference on the system.
The task manager can be a powerful tool to manage your overall system health or can be used to monitor you system for problems, even though there are more freeware/shareware programs out there that may do it better, but the task manager is free and its easy-to-use once you understand what you are looking at.
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I recently bought myself a USB WinTV external TV converter. While I can get good tuner reception, I cannot get it to recognise a composite input.
It has an S-Video connector on one side, and a composite to s-video adaptor supplied. Only in the WinTV 2K software, the S-Video option remains greyed out. In the software there are an ext 1 and ext 2 source - if I select these, I sometimes get a single frame from the video source, which is not then updated - and is very blurry and sometimes mono or mostly I get a blank screen. I have tested the video source elsewhere - it is fine.
I have it plugged into a motherboard USB port on a box running Windows XP (SP2), with 512 Mb Ram, a Socket 754 AMD Sempron 2800+ processor, NForce 250 chipset on Gigabyte motherboard.
I am running the most recent Hauppage drivers (which are annoyingly not signed) and WinTV software.
If you could do with any more info, feel free to ask.
Does anyone here have any ideas on getting it working? -- http://orionrobots.co.uk - Build Robots
Online Castle Building RPG - http://www.darkthrone.com/recruit.dt?uid=V30311I30328J30379X30379E30260X30277
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there's even one another way doing it by using relays one at the top and other at the bottom each to stop and start the motor respectively. we use a float to operate the relays which lies at the surface of the water level.
I am a E.C.E. student entering in to third year. I want to do a project , i.e.,
A water level indicator using 8085 microprocessor and 8255 interface. Can anyone help me in this regard, like how to get about it? With regards B.Prasana
I am a E.C.E. student entering in to third year. I want to do a project ,i.e.,
A water level indicator using 8085 microprocessor and 8255 interface. Can anyone help me in this regard, like how to get about it? With regards B.Prasana
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On 6/11/05, b_prasana <b.prasana@sify.com> wrote: > Dear Friends > > I am a E.C.E. student entering in to third year. I want > to do a project ,i.e., > > A water level indicator using 8085 microprocessor and > 8255 interface. > Can anyone help me in this regard, like how to get > about it? > With regards > B.Prasana >
I suspect - as this is a sensor based question, that posting on both the OrionRobots forums (http://orionrobots.co.uk/forums.php) and the DPRG list would get a response from people who have done this before.
Just out of interest- why choose the 8085? Or was that determined by the course? I would have chosen a PIC for this you see.
What do you intend for the water level sensor?
You could use a discrete set of conductors - which would then be conducting when they are each below the water level. In which case - although it is digital, you may want to clean up the signal between the water and the 8255 with a single transistor.
You could also use a float, with a rotation sensor - like a variable resistor. You would then use an A to D between this and the 8255, or a biased transistor to switch when it reaches a certain level.
One well documented property of water is that the interface between it and air causes light to refract - so by calculating (or measuring) the angles, you could set up an IR based system that will detect when the light is reflected at a certain angle form the bottom of the tank, the angle is determined by the refraction - which is determined by the water depth. This could be done with a single IR Led, and a Phototransistor - keeping the electronics simple. You would then use guides to ensure the angles the light is being emitted and received. You will need to ensure the bottom of the water container is reflective.
If you use the electronics to set a threshold, then you could use the 8255 in mode 1 or 2 and use control signals to interrupt the CPU, and respond to that.
However- if you want the A to D continuous based monitoring - then you are better off writting a program to regularly poll the port and test the values on that.
Good luck, Orion -- http://orionrobots.co.uk - Build Robots
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The 8085 will work great, start with a block diagram indicating what functions and usability you want to accomplish and from there determine what components you want that will meet your original desires. Remember that programming may limit your design.
Thanks..
prkrnj
From:tech4all@yahoogroups.com [mailto:tech4all@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of b_prasana Sent: Saturday, June 11, 2005 1:41 AM To:tech4all@yahoogroups.com Subject: [tech4all] 8085 -indicator
Dear Friends
I am a E.C.E. student entering in to third year. I want to do a project ,i.e.,
A water level indicator using 8085 microprocessor and 8255 interface. Can anyone help me in this regard, like how to get about it? With regards B.Prasana
"It's going to be a difficult transition, but if anyone can do it, Apple can," analyst Kevin Krewell, editor in chief of the Microprocessor report, said. "But there still are risks. Will people stop buying Apples for the next two years waiting for the new ones to come out? And will developers stop developing for the PowerPC while waiting for the Intel chips?"
n an alliance of two of the highest profile companies in the technology industry, Apple Computer (Nasdaq: AAPL) has said it would begin using microprocessors from Intel (Nasdaq: INTC) in its computers beginning next year.
As Apple positions itself to use an industry standard that powers more than 80 percent of the world's PCs, though, consumers could decide to wait for the new Intel models to hit the market in about a year, analysts said.
"This transition could get ugly," said analyst Rob Enderle. "Customers don't want to buy a technology that's going to be obsolete."
Long-Term Strategy
Apple Chairman Steve Jobs focused on the company's long-term strategy rather than near-term gains as he sought to reassure a gathering of more than 3,000 software developers that the change will go smoothly.
Apple is shifting to industry giant Intel, hoping it can deliver a high-performance chip that operates at low enough temperatures to power notebook computers and smaller devices like the Mac mini.
Neither of Apple's current partners -- IBM (NYSE: IBM) and Freescale Semiconductor, a spinoff of Motorola (NYSE: MOT) -- has done so. IBM also has been unable to produce a 3 gigahertz chip that matches the processing speed of the newer Intel chips used in machines running Microsoft (Nasdaq: MSFT) Windows.
Intel, by contrast, has developed a large family of powerful microprocessors designed specifically for notebooks. It's also known for continually pushing the speed limit for its desktop microprocessors.
"As we look ahead we can envision some amazing products that we can build, but we don't know how to build them with the future PowerPC road map," Jobs said during his presentation at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference at Moscone West in downtown San Francisco.
Jobs said the first Apple/Intel products will appear in about a year, and the entire Apple line will shift to Intel by 2007.
Teaming Up
Appearing on stage with Jobs, Intel Chief Executive Paul Otellini lightheartedly acknowledged the sometimes acerbic rivalry between the companies. During product introductions in the mid-1990s, Jobs often mocked the speed of Intel processors and boasted that Apple "toasts" the competition.
But any hard feelings were not evident Monday. "We're proud that the most innovative computer company and the most innovative chip company are finally teaming up," Otellini said.
Neither Jobs nor Otellini revealed which chips Apple was expected to use initially, nor in which computers they would first appear, though experts expect them to first show up in laptops.
Bill Davies, secretary of Mac-Nexus, the Sacramento-area Macintosh users group, said the Apple desktop G5 is a powerful machine, but he can't say the same for Apple's laptops.
"Mac laptops are underpowered, and as the trend is for people to expect 'desktop' performance from a laptop, Apple needs to fix that," he wrote in an e-mail.
Apple has a history of radical changes as it moved new products to market. In the mid-1980s it shifted from an older operating system to the Macintosh. In 1994 it abandoned a less sophisticated Motorola chip for the PowerPC. And early this decade it moved from its creaky OS 9 operating system to the more modern OS X.
Analyst Kevin Krewell, editor in chief of the Microprocessor report, said Apple's strategy could result in better products, but it has significant challenges.
Stealth Project
"It's going to be a difficult transition, but if anyone can do it, Apple can," Krewell said. "But there still are risks. Will people stop buying Apples for the next two years waiting for the new ones to come out? And will developers stop developing for the PowerPC while waiting for the Intel chips?"
While developers might anticipate major headaches in shifting to a new chip, Jobs sought to reassure them on several fronts. First, he said, a version of the highly praised Macintosh OS X operating system has been designed to run on both the PowerPC and Intel designs -- a five-year stealth project that has been rumored but never confirmed. During his demonstrations he used a Macintosh running an Intel Pentium microprocessor.
Second, Apple will be handing out software that could make it easier to modify programs to run on the new Intel chips.
And finally, every Intel-powered Macintosh will come with a program called Rosetta that will allow unmodified software to run on the Intel machines -- though not as quickly as programs written for the Intel technology.
During his demonstration, Jobs ran unmodified Adobe (Nasdaq: ADBE) Photoshop, Microsoft Word and Quicken financial software on the Pentium Mac.
'Easy Transition'
The demo apparently convinced some software writers. "It seems like this will be a pretty easy transition," said Ben Forsyth, head of technology at San Francisco-based FileWave USA. "The transition to OS X was pretty painful, but now we have a better [software] code base to work from."
Wall Street appears to be reserving judgment. Apple stock closed down 32 cents at US$37.92. Intel shares fell 16 cents to $27.17. Apple's longtime partners didn't fare much better: IBM's shares dropped 79 cents to $75, and Freescale was down 48 cents to $20.33
